Dsycalculia : Difficulties in Mathematics Learning

 

The main areas of difficulties in Mathematics learning can be classified as follows:

1.       Arithmetical Difficulty- This is the most common problem we face on a day to day basis. Children face difficulty not just while sitting in a classroom but also in their day to day life. If I ask how much 4+2 is, the answer should pop up immediately instead of the child having to calculate. Similar calculation issues greatly hamper Math learning.

2.       Concept based difficulties- These can occur at any stage of learning due to introduction of new topics and have been dealt with separately at each stage. Usually till grade 5, Math is mainly computational after which a child needs to apply greater Logical and deductive skills to understand Math. Also Different topics like Integers, 3-d Geometry, Algebra, Commercial Math; each of these requires a different type of understanding.

3.       Difficulty with operations- Although BODMAS seems like one of the easiest concepts but proves to be one of the most complicated principles to work with for the students. Students have to be repeatedly reminded to follow the BODMAS order.

4.       Mathematical Symbols- Algebra is one the most difficult concept to teach at that age and one of the most difficult for children to absorb. All the variables completely change the language. Symbols not just in Algebra but also >,<,~,±,√,≤,≥,∞,  etc must be learnt properly

5.       Difficulty with mathematical language- Often times what is written in English gets muddled up in translating it to Mathematical form known as equations. A good example is the following statement, “Amit deposits an amount of Rs.5000 in the bank……” Statement calls Rs.5000 as the Amount whereas in Mathematics it is called the Principal while Amount will be Principal + Interest.

6.       Visual –Spatial Difficulties- Geometry has the potential to be the most interesting concept but a large number of student struggle after the initial classes as a lot of imagination is required  to  conjure up the image of say a Dodecahedron or  octagonal pyramid. Hands on practical usage, model designing activities and good computer software can go a long way in providing the missing link in this area.

7.       Memory- Being able to take in and recall facts plays a very important role in learning not just in Mathematics. More specifically being able to memorize Multiplication table, formulae, etc. are important in developing Mathematical skills. Repeated and focused practice is an effective remedy for memorizing.

8.       Measurements- Being able to make a fair assessment of the time elapsed or distance and their estimation in various units like cm, km, inch as also the estimation of the angles. Extensive use of mathematical instruments such as rulers, measuring cups, protractor, etc. plays an important role in making these assessments.

Of course there are many other aspects of learning difficulties in the subject which, like I mentioned ,  might be psychological , social, familial, etc. in nature which might directly or indirectly affect the above mentioned problems.